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Appendix F IPv6
P-2812HNU-51c User’s Guide
485
The following table describes the multicast addresses which are reserved and can
not be assigned to a multicast group.
Subnet Masking
Both an IPv6 address and IPv6 subnet mask compose of 128-bit binary digits,
which are divided into eight 16-bit blocks and written in hexadecimal notation.
Hexadecimal uses four bits for each character (1 ~ 10, A ~ F). Each block’s 16 bits
are then represented by four hexadecimal characters. For example,
FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FC00:0000:0000:0000.
Interface ID
In IPv6, an interface ID is a 64-bit identifier. It identifies a physical interface (for
example, an Ethernet port) or a virtual interface (for example, the management IP
address for a VLAN). One interface should have a unique interface ID.
EUI-64
The EUI-64 (Extended Unique Identifier) defined by the IEEE (Institute of
Electrical and Electronics Engineers) is an interface ID format designed to adapt
with IPv6. It is derived from the 48-bit (6-byte) Ethernet MAC address as shown
next. EUI-64 inserts the hex digits fffe between the third and fourth bytes of the
Table 160 Reserved Multicast Address
MULTICAST ADDRESS
FF00:0:0:0:0:0:0:0
FF01:0:0:0:0:0:0:0
FF02:0:0:0:0:0:0:0
FF03:0:0:0:0:0:0:0
FF04:0:0:0:0:0:0:0
FF05:0:0:0:0:0:0:0
FF06:0:0:0:0:0:0:0
FF07:0:0:0:0:0:0:0
FF08:0:0:0:0:0:0:0
FF09:0:0:0:0:0:0:0
FF0A:0:0:0:0:0:0:0
FF0B:0:0:0:0:0:0:0
FF0C:0:0:0:0:0:0:0
FF0D:0:0:0:0:0:0:0
FF0E:0:0:0:0:0:0:0
FF0F:0:0:0:0:0:0:0
- P-2812HNU-51c 1
- About This User's Guide 3
- Customer Support 4
- Document Conventions 5
- Icons Used in Figures 6
- Safety Warnings 7
- Contents Overview 10
- P-2812HNU-51c User’s Guide 10
- Table of Contents 11
- User’s Guide 21
- CHAPTER 1 23
- 1.4.1 Internet Access 24
- ADSL / VDSL 25
- 1.4.1.3 3G WAN 26
- 1.4.2 VoIP Internet Calls 27
- 1.4.3 USB File Sharing 27
- 1.4.4 Wireless Connection 28
- 1.5 The RESET Button 29
- 1.6 LEDs (Lights) 30
- Table 1 LED Descriptions 31
- CHAPTER 2 33
- 2.2.2 Configuring the AP 34
- Figure 10 AP: Status 35
- Figure 22 Profile: Activate 42
- Interface Groups 43
- 2.3.1 Configuring PVCs 44
- Chapter 2 Tutorials 46
- Chapter 2 Tutorials 51
- Management from the WAN 60
- DSL Connections Status 69
- 2.4.3 Testing the Connection 71
- CHAPTER 3 73
- Figure 23 Password Screen 74
- Figure 24 Main Screen 74
- 3.2.1 Navigation Panel 75
- LINK TAB FUNCTION 76
- 3.2.2 Main Window 78
- 3.2.3 Status Bar 78
- Technical Reference 79
- CHAPTER 4 81
- 4.2 Status Screen 82
- Table 7 Status Screen 83
- 4.2.1 3G Status: NeedPIN 87
- 4.2.2 3G Status: NeedPUK 88
- 4.2.3 WAN Service Statistics 89
- 4.2.4 Route Info 90
- Chapter 4 Status Screens 91
- 4.3 VoIP Status 92
- Table 12 VoIP Status 93
- 4.3.1 WLAN Station List 94
- 4.3.2 LAN Statistics 95
- 4.3.3 Client List 96
- CHAPTER 5 97
- 5.2 What You Need to Know 99
- Table 17 NAT Types 100
- 5.3 Before You Begin 101
- Table 18 Layer 2 Interface 102
- Chapter 5 WAN Setup 103
- Chapter 5 WAN Setup 104
- LABEL DESCRIPTION 104
- 5.5.1.1 WAN Interface 108
- 5.5.1.2 Service Type 109
- PPPoE or PPPoA 111
- Configuration screen 114
- 5.5.1.5 Default Gateway 118
- 5.5.1.6 DNS Server 119
- 5.6 The 3G Backup Screen 122
- Figure 50 3G Backup 123
- Table 30 3G Backup 123
- 5.7 Technical Reference 125
- RFC 1483 126
- Multiplexing 126
- Traffic Shaping 127
- ATM Traffic Classes 128
- IP Address Assignment 128
- Full Cone NAT 129
- Restricted Cone NAT 129
- Port Restricted Cone NAT 130
- Symmetric NAT 131
- Introduction to VLANs 132
- Multicast 133
- DNS Server Address Assignment 133
- 3G Comparison Table 135
- CHAPTER 6 137
- 6.2 What You Need To Know 138
- 6.3 The LAN IP Screen 139
- Table 32 LAN > IP 140
- 6.4 The LAN IPv6 Screen 142
- 6.5 Technical Reference 143
- DHCP Setup 144
- IP Pool Setup 144
- LAN TCP/IP 144
- IP Address and Subnet Mask 144
- Private IP Addresses 145
- IP Alias 146
- Ethernet 147
- Interface 147
- Chapter 6 LAN Setup 148
- CHAPTER 7 149
- 7.2 What You Need to Know 150
- Network Names 151
- Radio Channels 151
- Wireless Security 151
- 7.3 Before You Begin 152
- 7.4 The General Screen 153
- Chapter 7 Wireless LAN 154
- 7.4.1 No Security 155
- 7.4.2 WEP Encryption 156
- 7.4.3 WPA(2)-PSK 157
- 7.4.4 WPA(2) Authentication 158
- Chapter 7 Wireless LAN 159
- 7.4.5 MAC Filter 160
- 7.5 The More AP Screen 162
- 7.6 The WPS Screen 163
- 7.7 The WPS Station Screen 165
- 7.8 The WDS Screen 166
- 7.11 Technical Reference 171
- 7.11.3.1 SSID 173
- 7.11.3.2 MAC Address Filter 173
- 7.11.3.3 User Authentication 174
- 7.11.3.4 Encryption 174
- 7.11.4 WiFi Protected Setup 175
- 7.11.4.2 PIN Configuration 176
- Figure 77 How WPS works 179
- REGISTRARENROLLEE 180
- SECURITY INFO 180
- REGISTRAR 180
- ENROLLEE 180
- EXISTING CONNECTION 180
- CHAPTER 8 183
- Port Forwarding 184
- 8.4 The Trigger Port Screen 187
- Computer 188
- Real Audio Server 188
- Figure 84 Trigger Port 189
- Table 52 NAT Trigger Port 189
- 8.5 The DMZ Host Screen 192
- 8.6 The ALG Screen 192
- 8.7 Technical Reference 193
- Port Forwarding Example 194
- CHAPTER 9 195
- SIP Accounts 196
- How to Find Out More 196
- 9.2 Before You Begin 197
- 9.3 The SIP Settings Screen 197
- Chapter 9 Voice 198
- Chapter 9 Voice 199
- 9.4.1 Dial Plan Rules 210
- 9.5 The Phone Region Screen 211
- 9.6 The Speed Dial Screen 212
- 9.8 Outgoing Calls Screen 215
- 9.9 Incoming Calls Screen 216
- 9.10 Technical Reference 216
- SIP Identities 217
- SIP Number 217
- SIP Service Domain 217
- SIP Registration 218
- Authorization Requirements 218
- SIP Servers 218
- SIP User Agent 218
- SIP Proxy Server 219
- SIP Redirect Server 219
- SIP Register Server 220
- Pulse Code Modulation 221
- SIP Call Progression 221
- Voice Coding 223
- Listening to Custom Tones 225
- Deleting Custom Tones 225
- Type of Service (ToS) 226
- DiffServ 226
- DSCP and Per-Hop Behavior 226
- 9.10.2.1 The Flash Key 227
- European Call Hold 228
- European Call Waiting 228
- European Call Transfer 229
- European Three-Way Conference 229
- USA Call Hold 230
- USA Call Waiting 230
- USA Call Transfer 230
- USA Three-Way Conference 230
- CHAPTER 10 233
- 10.1.2 What You Need to Know 234
- 10.1.3 Before You Begin 235
- Chapter 10 File Sharing 238
- CHAPTER 11 239
- 11.2 What You Need to Know 240
- 11.3 Before You Begin 240
- 11.4 The Print Server Screen 241
- Figure 106 Printers Folder 242
- 11.6.1 Mac OS 10.3 and 10.4 245
- 13 Open the Utilities folder 246
- Figure 116 Utilities Folder 247
- 11.6.2 Mac OS 10.5 and 10.6 248
- Figure 120 Mac OS X HD 249
- Figure 124 Print & Fax 250
- Figure 125 Add Printer 251
- Figure 126 Printer List 251
- USB Printers 252
- CHAPTER 12 253
- 12.2 What You Need to Know 254
- 12.3 The IPSec Screen 255
- Chapter 12 IPSec VPN 257
- Chapter 12 IPSec VPN 258
- 12.3.2 Manual Key Setup 261
- 12.4 Viewing VPN Status 266
- 12.5.1 IPSec Architecture 267
- 12.5.2 Encapsulation 268
- 12.5.3 IKE Phases 269
- 12.5.4 Negotiation Mode 270
- 12.5.5 IPSec and NAT 270
- Table 77 VPN and NAT 271
- 12.5.7 ID Type and Content 272
- 12.5.8 Pre-Shared Key 274
- CHAPTER 13 275
- 13.3 The Firewall Screen 276
- Chapter 13 Firewall 277
- Chapter 13 Firewall 280
- CHAPTER 14 281
- Table 86 Local Certificates 282
- 14.3.2 Import Certificate 284
- Chapter 14 Certificate 285
- 14.3.3 Certificate Details 286
- 14.4 The Trusted CA Screen 289
- Figure 146 Trusted CA 290
- Table 91 Trusted CA 290
- Table 92 Trusted CA: View 291
- 2812HNU-51c 292
- CHAPTER 15 293
- 15.2 The Static Route Screen 294
- 15.2.1 Static Route Edit 295
- Chapter 15 Static Route 296
- CHAPTER 16 297
- Chapter 16 Policy Forwarding 299
- Chapter 16 Policy Forwarding 300
- CHAPTER 17 301
- 17.2 The DNS Route Screen 302
- 17.2.1 DNS Route Edit 303
- Chapter 17 DNS Route 304
- CHAPTER 18 305
- Table 100 Advanced > RIP 306
- CHAPTER 19 307
- 19.2 What You Need to Know 308
- Traffic Policing 309
- Figure 158 QoS General 310
- Table 101 QoS General 310
- 19.4 The Queue Setup Screen 311
- 19.4.1 Adding a QoS Queue 312
- Figure 161 QoS Class Setup 314
- Table 104 QoS Class Setup 314
- 19.5.1 QoS Class Edit 315
- 19.6.1 Adding a QoS Policer 320
- 19.7 The QoS Monitor Screen 323
- 19.8 Technical Reference 324
- IP Precedence 325
- Token Bucket 327
- Two Rate Three Color Marker 328
- CHAPTER 20 329
- 20.3 The Dynamic DNS Screen 330
- CHAPTER 21 331
- Figure 167 TR-069 332
- Table 112 TR-069 332
- 21.3 The TR-064 Screen 333
- 21.4 The SNMP Screen 334
- Figure 169 SNMP 335
- Table 115 SNMP 335
- Figure 170 Service Control 336
- Table 116 Service Control 336
- 21.6 The IP Address Screen 337
- 21.6.1 Adding an IP Address 338
- CHAPTER 22 339
- 22.3 The UPnP Screen 340
- 22.4.1 Windows 7 341
- 22.4.2 Windows XP 342
- Networking Services 343
- System Tray Icon 345
- Network Co nnections 347
- CHAPTER 23 349
- 23.2.1 Adding a Schedule 350
- 23.3 The URL Filter Screen 351
- 23.3.1 Adding URL Filter 352
- CHAPTER 24 353
- Figure 179 Interface Group 354
- Chapter 24 Interface Group 355
- Chapter 24 Interface Group 358
- CHAPTER 25 359
- CHAPTER 26 363
- Chapter 26 System Settings 365
- Chapter 26 System Settings 366
- CHAPTER 27 367
- 27.3 The Log Settings Screen 368
- Chapter 27 Logs 370
- CHAPTER 28 371
- 28.2 The Firmware Screen 372
- Figure 191 Error Message 373
- Backup Configuration 374
- Restore Configuration 375
- 28.4 The Restart Screen 376
- Chapter 28 Tools 377
- Chapter 28 Tools 378
- CHAPTER 29 379
- 29.4 The 802.1ag Screen 381
- Chapter 29 Diagnostic 382
- CHAPTER 30 385
- I forgot the password 386
- 30.3 Internet Access 388
- 30.4 Phone Calls and VoIP 391
- 30.5 USB Device Connection 391
- 30.7 UPnP 392
- Chapter 30 Troubleshooting 394
- CHAPTER 31 395
- 31.2 Firmware Specifications 396
- STANDARD DESCRIPTION 399
- APPENDIX A 401
- The Command Line Interface 402
- Command Syntax and Parameters 402
- APPENDIX B 417
- Windows XP/NT/2000 418
- Properties 419
- Verifying Settings 420
- Windows Vista 421
- Windows 7 425
- Mac OS X: 10.3 and 10.4 429
- Mac OS X: 10.5 and 10.6 432
- Linux: Ubuntu 8 (GNOME) 435
- Linux: openSUSE 10.3 (KDE) 440
- APPENDIX C 445
- JavaScripts 448
- Java Permissions 450
- JAVA (Sun) 451
- Mozilla Firefox 452
- APPENDIX D 455
- Subnet Masks 456
- Network Size 457
- Notation 458
- Subnetting 458
- Example: Four Subnets 460
- Example: Eight Subnets 461
- Subnet Planning 462
- Configuring IP Addresses 462
- IP Address Conflicts 464
- APPENDIX E 467
- Figure 228 RTS/CTS 470
- Fragmentation Threshold 471
- Preamble Type 471
- IEEE 802.11g Wireless LAN 471
- Wireless Security Overview 472
- IEEE 802.1x 472
- Types of RADIUS Messages 473
- Types of EAP Authentication 474
- Dynamic WEP Key Exchange 475
- WPA and WPA2 476
- User Authentication 477
- Security Parameters Summary 480
- Antenna Overview 481
- Antenna Characteristics 481
- Types of Antennas for WLAN 481
- Positioning Antennas 482
- APPENDIX F 483
- Link-local Address 484
- Global Address 484
- Unspecified Address 484
- Loopback Address 484
- Multicast Address 484
- Subnet Masking 485
- Interface ID 485
- Stateless Autoconfiguration 486
- Identity Association 486
- DHCP Relay Agent 487
- Prefix Delegation 487
- Multicast Listener Discovery 488
- Appendix F IPv6 492
- APPENDIX G 493
- Appendix G Common Services 494
- Appendix G Common Services 495
- APPENDIX H 497
- GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 502
- The MIT License 507
- OpenSSL License 508
- Original SSLeay License 509
- APPENDIX I 511
- Industry Canada Statement 512
- IMPORTANT NOTE 513
- Notices 513
- ZyXEL Limited Warranty 514
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