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Appendix C IP Addresses and Subnetting
NWA-3160 Series User’s Guide
328
The following figure shows an example IP address in which the first three octets
(192.168.1) are the network number, and the fourth octet (16) is the host ID.
Figure 196 Network Number and Host ID
How much of the IP address is the network number and how much is the host ID
varies according to the subnet mask.
Subnet Masks
A subnet mask is used to determine which bits are part of the network number,
and which bits are part of the host ID (using a logical AND operation). The term
“subnet” is short for “sub-network”.
A subnet mask has 32 bits. If a bit in the subnet mask is a “1” then the
corresponding bit in the IP address is part of the network number. If a bit in the
subnet mask is “0” then the corresponding bit in the IP address is part of the host
ID.
The following example shows a subnet mask identifying the network number (in
bold text) and host ID of an IP address (192.168.1.2 in decimal).
Table 93 Subnet Masks
1ST
OCTET:
(192)
2ND
OCTET:
(168)
3RD
OCTET:
(1)
4TH
OCTET
(2)
IP Address (Binary) 11000000 10101000 00000001 00000010
Subnet Mask (Binary) 11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000
- NWA-3160 Series 1
- About This User's Guide 3
- Documentation Feedback 4
- Need More Help? 4
- Customer Support 5
- Document Conventions 6
- Icons Used in Figures 7
- Safety Warnings 8
- Contents Overview 10
- New Template User’s Guide 10
- Table of Contents 11
- Table of Contents 19
- Introduction 21
- CHAPTER 1 23
- 1.2 Applications for the NWA 24
- 1.2.2 Bridge / Repeater 25
- Figure 4 Bridging Example 26
- 1.2.3 AP + Bridge 28
- 1.2.4 MBSSID 28
- Figure 8 Multiple BSSs 29
- 1.3 CAPWAP 30
- 1.4 Ways to Manage the NWA 31
- 1.6 Hardware Connections 32
- 1.7 LEDs 33
- Table 1 LEDs (continued) 34
- CHAPTER 2 35
- 2.3 Resetting the NWA 36
- Figure 12 The Status Screen 37
- CHAPTER 3 39
- 3.2.3 Further Reading 41
- 3.3.1.1 Access Point 43
- 3.3.1.2 MBSSID 44
- Figure 33 Tutorial: Warning 57
- 3.4.3 Set Up E-mail Logs 59
- 3.4.5 Test the Setup 60
- 3.5.1 Scenario 61
- 3.5.2 Your Requirements 62
- 3.5.3 Setup 62
- Chapter 3 Tutorials 64
- 3.5.6.1 Checking Settings 67
- 3.6.1 Scenario 69
- 3.6.2 Your Requirements 70
- 3.6.3 Setup 70
- C and D) that can now be 74
- The Web 79
- Configurator 79
- CHAPTER 4 81
- Table 8 The Status Screen 82
- Chapter 4 Status Screen 85
- Chapter 4 Status Screen 86
- CHAPTER 5 87
- 5.2.2 CAPWAP and DHCP 88
- 5.2.3 CAPWAP and IP Subnets 88
- 5.2.4 Notes on CAPWAP 89
- Figure 58 Management Mode 90
- Table 10 Management Mode 90
- Chapter 5 Management Mode 92
- CHAPTER 6 93
- 6.1.3 Before You Begin 94
- Figure 62 Status Screen 96
- Table 11 Status Screen 96
- 6.4 AP Lists Screen 97
- Figure 63 AP Lists Screen 98
- Table 12 AP Lists Screen 98
- 6.5 Configuration Screen 101
- 6.6 Redundancy Screen 102
- 6.7 The Profile Edit Screens 103
- Table 16 Radio Screen 104
- Table 17 Radio Edit Screen 105
- DCS is Disabled by default 106
- CHAPTER 7 109
- IP Address Assignment 110
- IP Address and Subnet Mask 110
- 7.2 General Screen 111
- Chapter 7 System Screens 112
- NWA-3160 Series User’s Guide 112
- LABEL DESCRIPTION 112
- 7.3 Password Screen 113
- LABEL DESCRIPTIONS 114
- 7.4 Time Setting Screen 115
- 7.5 Technical Reference 117
- CHAPTER 8 119
- Figure 74 Basic Service set 120
- Operating Mode 121
- Wireless Mode 122
- 8.2 The Wireless Screen 123
- Chapter 8 Wireless Screen 124
- Chapter 8 Wireless Screen 125
- 8.2.2 Bridge / Repeater Mode 127
- 8.2.3 AP + Bridge Mode 133
- 8.2.4 MBSSID Mode 139
- Table 26 Wireless: MBSSID 140
- 8.3 Technical Reference 143
- 8.3.1.1 Rapid STP 144
- 8.3.1.2 STP Terminology 144
- 8.3.2 DFS 145
- 8.3.3 Roaming 146
- Figure 80 Roaming Example 147
- Figure 81 Enabling Roaming 148
- CHAPTER 9 149
- 9.2 The SSID Screen 151
- 9.2.1 Configuring SSID 152
- 9.3 Technical Reference 153
- 9.3.2 ATC 154
- 9.3.3 ATC+WMM 155
- 9.3.4 Type Of Service (ToS) 156
- Chapter 9 SSID Screen 158
- DSCP values 158
- CHAPTER 10 159
- User Authentication 160
- 10.2 The Security Screen 161
- Figure 87 Wireless Security 162
- Table 38 Wireless Security 162
- 10.2.1 Security: WEP 163
- Table 39 Security: WEP 164
- 10.2.2 Security: 802.1x Only 165
- 10.2.4 Security: WPA 167
- Table 42 Security: WPA 168
- RADIUS server has priority 170
- 10.3 Technical Reference 171
- CHAPTER 11 173
- 11.2 The RADIUS Screen 175
- Table 45 RADIUS 176
- CHAPTER 12 177
- Figure 98 Layer 2 Isolation 179
- Table 46 Layer-2 Isolation 179
- 12.3 Technical Reference 181
- CHAPTER 13 183
- 13.2 The MAC Filter Screen 184
- Table 49 MAC Address Filter 185
- CHAPTER 14 187
- 14.2 The IP Screen 188
- 14.3 Technical Reference 189
- Chapter 14 IP Screen 190
- CHAPTER 15 191
- Friendly APs 192
- “Honeypot” Attack 193
- 15.2 Configuration Screen 194
- 15.2.1 Friendly AP Screen 195
- 15.2.2 Rogue AP Screen 196
- Table 54 Rogue AP 197
- Chapter 15 Rogue AP Detection 198
- CHAPTER 16 199
- Remote Management Limitations 201
- 16.2 The Telnet Screen 202
- 16.3 The FTP Screen 203
- 16.4 The WWW Screen 204
- 16.5 The SNMP Screen 207
- 16.5.1 SNMPv3 User Profile 209
- 16.6 Technical Reference 210
- 16.6.2 Supported MIBs 211
- 16.6.3 SNMP Traps 211
- Table 60 SNMP Traps 212
- CHAPTER 17 213
- 17.1.2 What You Need To Know 214
- 17.3 The Trusted AP Screen 216
- Table 64 Trusted Users 217
- Figure 123 Trusted Users 217
- 17.5 Technical Reference 218
- Wireless Zero Configuration 219
- CHAPTER 18 221
- 18.2 My Certificates Screen 222
- Chapter 18 Certificates 223
- Chapter 18 Certificates 230
- 18.3 Trusted CAs Screen 232
- 18.4 Technical Reference 237
- CHAPTER 19 239
- 19.2 The View Log Screen 240
- Table 72 Logs > View Log 241
- 19.3 The Log Settings Screen 242
- Chapter 19 Log Screens 243
- 19.4 Technical Reference 244
- Table 75 ICMP Notes 245
- Table 76 Sys log 245
- 19.4.2 Log Commands 246
- 19.4.4 Displaying Logs 246
- 19.4.5 Log Command Example 246
- Chapter 19 Log Screens 248
- CHAPTER 20 249
- 20.2 Wireless VLAN Screen 251
- 20.2.1 RADIUS VLAN Screen 252
- Chapter 20 VLAN 253
- 20.3 Technical Reference 254
- Figure 145 VLAN Setup 257
- CHAPTER 21 269
- Figure 163 Load Balancing 271
- Table 81 Load Balancing 271
- Chapter 21 Load Balancing 274
- CHAPTER 22 275
- 22.2 The DCS Screen 276
- Table 82 DCS 277
- CHAPTER 23 279
- 23.2 Association List Screen 280
- 23.3 Channel Usage Screen 281
- 23.4 F/W Upload Screen 282
- 23.5 Configuration Screen 284
- 23.6 Restart Screen 286
- PART III 287
- CHAPTER 24 289
- 24.3 NWA Access and Login 290
- 24.4 AP Management Modes 292
- 24.5 Internet Access 294
- Chapter 24 Troubleshooting 296
- CHAPTER 25 297
- Figure 181 Masonry Plug 301
- APPENDIX A 303
- Figure 185 RTS/CTS 306
- Fragmentation Threshold 307
- Preamble Type 307
- IEEE 802.11g Wireless LAN 308
- Wireless Security Overview 308
- IEEE 802.1x 309
- Types of EAP Authentication 310
- Dynamic WEP Key Exchange 312
- WPA and WPA2 313
- Antenna Overview 317
- Antenna Characteristics 317
- Types of Antennas for WLAN 318
- Positioning Antennas 318
- APPENDIX B 319
- JavaScripts 322
- Java Permissions 324
- JAVA (Sun) 325
- Figure 195 Java (Sun) 326
- APPENDIX C 327
- Subnet Masks 328
- Network Size 329
- Notation 330
- Subnetting 331
- Example: Four Subnets 332
- Table 97 Subnet 1 333
- Table 98 Subnet 2 333
- Table 99 Subnet 3 333
- Table 100 Subnet 4 333
- Example: Eight Subnets 334
- Subnet Planning 334
- Configuring IP Addresses 335
- Private IP Addresses 336
- Windows 95/98/Me 337
- Installing Components 337
- Configuring 338
- Verifying Settings 339
- Windows 2000/NT/XP 340
- Macintosh OS 8/9 344
- Macintosh OS X 346
- APPENDIX D 349
- Auto Configuration by DHCP 350
- Configuration Via SNMP 350
- Configuration File Format 351
- APPENDIX E 357
- Logging in 358
- Command Conventions 358
- Copy and Paste Commands 360
- Saving Your Configuration 361
- Logging Out 361
- APPENDIX F 363
- ZyXEL Limited Warranty 365
- Registration 366
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